Which motivation theory emphasizes the comparison of rewards between individuals?

Adams' Equity Theory is focused on the concept of fairness in the workplace, emphasizing that employees are motivated by their perceptions of equity in their contributions and the rewards they receive compared to those of others. This theory posits that individuals assess their own input-output ratio (the effort and contribution they make versus the rewards they receive) and compare that with the same ratio of their peers.

When employees perceive that they are receiving inadequate rewards compared to their peers for similar levels of effort, they may feel demotivated, leading them to alter their performance or seek adjustments in their compensation or roles. This comparison aspect highlights the importance of fairness and relative standing within a group, positioning equity as a significant factor in motivating individuals.

In contrast, other motivation theories, such as Pink's Drive Theory, Taylor's Theory of Scientific Management, and Herzberg's Motivation-Hygiene Theory, focus on different aspects of motivation—such as intrinsic vs. extrinsic motivators, maximizing efficiency in work processes, and the distinction between hygiene factors and motivators, respectively. They do not primarily center on the comparative analysis of rewards among individuals, which is pivotal in understanding Adams' Equity Theory.