Which motivational theory introduces a hierarchy of needs that people seek to fulfill in a specific order?

The concept of a hierarchy of needs is central to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory, which posits that human motivations progress through a series of stages. These stages are often visualized as a pyramid, where basic physiological needs must be met before individuals can focus on higher-level needs, such as safety, social belonging, esteem, and ultimately self-actualization.

In this theory, the fulfillment of one need is a prerequisite for the pursuit of the next. For instance, if a person lacks food and shelter (physiological needs), they are unlikely to prioritize social connections or personal achievement (higher-level needs). This structure helps to explain human behavior in various contexts, including the workplace, where understanding what motivates employees at different levels can lead to more effective management and improved performance.

Other theories mentioned do not emphasize a sequential order of needs. Pink's Drive Theory focuses on intrinsic motivation driven by autonomy, mastery, and purpose. Taylor's Theory of Scientific Management concentrates on efficiency and productivity through systematic processes. Adam's Equity Theory looks at fairness and equity in the workplace rather than a hierarchy of needs. Hence, Maslow’s model is uniquely characterized by its specific ordered hierarchy of human motivations.